Key Features

Calcium hypochlorite is a highly effective chlorine-releasing chemical widely used as a disinfectant and oxidizing agent. It contains 65%–75% available chlorine, making it stronger and more concentrated than many liquid chlorine alternatives. When dissolved in water, it releases hypochlorous acid, the active sanitizing agent that kills bacteria, viruses, algae, and other harmful microorganisms. Solid forms allow for easier storage, longer shelf life, and versatile application in water treatment, sanitation, and industrial processes.

Basic Chemical Properties

Calcium hypochlorite, chemical formula Ca(ClO)₂, appears as a white to off-white solid with a distinct chlorine odor. It is a strong oxidizing agent that reacts with water to produce hypochlorous acid and calcium hydroxide. The compound is alkaline in solution and can slightly raise water pH. It is available in powder, granule, or tablet forms for flexible dosing in different applications.

Product Description

Calcium hypochlorite acts as a primary sanitizer in water treatment. When dissolved in water, it releases chlorine that destroys pathogens and oxidizes organic waste. Hypochlorous acid penetrates cell walls of bacteria and disrupts metabolic functions, leading to rapid disinfection. Solid products are preferred over liquid bleaches due to stability, ease of handling, and longer disinfecting potency.

Key Applications

Calcium hypochlorite is used in municipal and rural water systems to ensure safe drinking water, in swimming pools and spas for routine sanitation and shock chlorination, in wastewater treatment to disinfect effluents, and in industrial and commercial sanitation for cleaning equipment, surfaces, and facilities in food processing, healthcare, and manufacturing.

Mechanism of Action

When calcium hypochlorite dissolves in water, it forms hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypochlorite ions. Hypochlorous acid is the active biocidal species that kills microorganisms by oxidizing cell components and disrupting essential functions. Free available chlorine left in treated water continues to protect against recontamination as water circulates through systems.

Usage & Dosing Guidelines

Proper dosage depends on water volume, quality, and treatment goals. For drinking water and pool sanitation, free chlorine residuals are typically maintained at recommended levels, while shock dosing uses higher concentrations to rapidly address contamination. Calcium hypochlorite should be pre-dissolved in clean water before adding to treatment systems and mixed thoroughly to ensure even distribution.

Benefits

Calcium hypochlorite provides high disinfection efficiency, versatile formulations in powder, granule, and tablet forms, long shelf life when stored properly, and cost-effective use due to its high chlorine content requiring smaller quantities than liquid bleaches.

Safety Information

Handle calcium hypochlorite with gloves, goggles, and masks. Avoid direct contact with skin or eyes. Never mix with acids, reducing agents, or incompatible substances, as dangerous reactions or chlorine gas may occur. Ensure good ventilation when handling and avoid inhaling dust.

Storage Instructions

Store in a dry, cool, and well-ventilated area away from moisture, heat, and sunlight. Keep containers tightly closed and separate from organic materials, combustible substances, and incompatible chemicals. Proper storage helps retain available chlorine and prevents degradation or hazards.